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| Pregnancy Home » Types of Childbirth and Labor » Brow Presentation |
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Brow Presentation |
In case of a pregnancy, brow presentation indicates towards the positioning of the head of the fetus in the midway between the vertex or the full flexion and face or the hyperextension on the axis which is longitudinal in nature. In fact the presenting portion of the head of the fetus known to be positioned between the orbital ridge and the anterior fontanel is known to be present at the pelvic inlet. The fetus is known to be in the right frontotransverse position when the sagittal fibrous joint is crossed to the pelvic axis and the anterior fontanel is positioned on the right side of the mother.
Brow presentation is known to be the least common among all the fetal presentations and this incident mostly occurs in 1 out of 500 deliveries or in 1 out of 3543 deliveries. Brow presentation may be encountered in early labor but it's mostly unstable and in the process it converts to a vertex presentation. At times due to extensions may lead to a face presentation. Diagnosis of a brow presentation is mostly done by abdominal palpation which can be done with Leopold maneuvering. One can come across a prominent occipital prominence along the back of the fetus. In fact one can diagnose brow presentation through vaginal examination.
In most cases the diagnosis of brow presentation often takes place late during labor as mostly brow presentation surfaces in the 2nd stage of labor. The frontum anterior is known to be the most common position and during frontum transverse the chances for a caesarean delivery increases. During the brow presentation of the fetal head 3 courses of labor is highly possible. The brow may possibly convert to a vertex and face presentation or it may also remain persistent in its position. In case of a brow presentation the occipitomental diameter being the largest diameter of the head of the fetus is known to be the presenting portion.
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In case the fetus remains consistent with a brow presentation then the prognosis of a vaginal delivery tends to remain poor until the fetus is small enough or the maternal pelvis is large enough. According to some medical practitioners the usage of oxytocin is advisable in case of brow presentation as it increases the risk of cephalopelvic disproportion. The common factors in brow presentation are prolonged labor and secondary arrest and almost 33 to 50% women go through this problem. In case of brow presentation almost less than half of the fetuses tend to undergo vaginal delivery on a spontaneous degree but in most cases labor trial is advised.
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