IUD or Intra-Uterine Device refers to the most extensively used pregnancy contraceptives worldwide. This device is physically put inside the uterus to control childbirth. Approximately 160 million women worldwide resort to IUD when it comes to pregnancy issues. In China alone, this integrated method has exceeded the sterilization mechanisms.
Using IUD requires skilled medical assistance since the device has to be placed or removed by a specialist doctor only. It remains inside the uterus for the entire period when pregnancy is unsolicited. Typically an IUD can perform the task for 5 to 10 years, based on quality.
Intrauterine contraceptive devices can be classified into two broad divisions: hormonal devices and copper-based devices. The hormonal devices function by releasing progestogen.
Two types of IUDs are found in the US market - the hormonal Mirena and the copper Paragard. Seven kinds of IUDs are available in the United Kingdom, where the term IUD only refers to copper-based devices.
Hormonal devices are regarded as part of a different contraceptive method over there, and are termed as Intra-Uterine System or IUS.
The non-hormonal IUDs generally look like a plastic T-shaped frame twined with pure electrolyte copper wirings. IUDs such as the Nova T 380 is fitted with a silver nub incorporated in the copper wiring. There are two arms spread opposite to each other, supporting the IUD near the top of the uterus.
IUD has gained tremendous popularity across the globe for its sound mechanism. The failure rate is remarkably low if compared to other forms of contraceptive measures.
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The physical presence of this device in the uterus accentuates the release of prostaglandins and leukocytes. Both of these materials are uncongenial to eggs and sperms.
It might be noted, however, that IUDs so not provide any protection against sexually transmitted diseases and the pelvic inflammatory disease.
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