Luteinizing hormone or LH plays a very major role during pregnancy. Role of LH include triggering ovulation in female body and for male body it stimulates Leydig cell, which helps in production of testosterone. Basically, LH is a glycoprotine and its protine molecules have sugar attached to it. Structurally it is similar to other glycoprotines and contains altogether 121 types of amino acids. Role of LH is never complete without these amino acid subunits. In interacting with the LH receptor, these amino acid subunits are extremely important.
According to general biological norms, Luteinizing hormone is essential for reproduction, for both men and women. In the process of ovulation and testosterone production LH is extremely important. In females,during menstruation period, secretion of FSH initiates follicular growth. Granulosa cells of female body is specifically affected by this follicular growth. At the same time, rise in estrogen level affects the LH receptors. LH receptors excites the maturing follicle and results in secretion of increasing amount estradiol hormone. Surge in Luteinizing hormone accelerates ovulation, not only by releasing egg but also starts conversion of residual follicle into corpus luteum.
Another very important function done by this hormone in females is it produces progesterone and prepares foundation for endomertium for possible implantation. This hormone is also essential for maintaining luteal activities for first two weeks of pregnancy. Further maintenance of these functions are done aftermath by HCG hormone. In this phase, Luteinizing hormone provides support to the thecal cells in ovary. It also provides androgens and other hormones for production of estradiol.
In comparison with females, role of LH is not that much prevailing among the males. This hormone casts its effect on the Leydig cell of the testis and is responsible for testosterone production. If, secretion of this hormone is not that much then, various types of endocrine activity and intratesticular activity, including spermatogenesis stops.
It is a quite common knowledge that both hypo and hyper secretion of this hormone can create various sorts of trouble to human body. Due to both hypo and hyper secretion of Luteinizing hormone, various types of diseases occur in a human body.
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When this hormone is secreted at a high level, then diseases like: Premature menopause, Castration, Swyer syndrome, Testicular failure and Turner syndrome. On the other hand deficient Luteinizing hormone causes problems like Hypothalamic suppression, Eating disorder, Hyperprolactinemia, Gonadotropin deficiency and Kallmann syndrome.
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